John Scopes was an American teacher known for his involvement in the famous Scopes Trial of 1925. He was charged with violating Tennessee's Butler Act, which prohibited the teaching of evolution in public schools. The trial became a significant legal battle over science and religion in education. The Scopes Trial attracted national attention and featured prominent figures like Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan. It highlighted the conflict between modern scientific theories and traditional religious beliefs, making it a landmark case in the discussion of educational freedom and the separation of church and state in the United States.