John Claudius Loudon was a Scottish horticulturist, landscape designer, and garden writer, born in 1783. He is best known for his influential works on gardening and landscape architecture, which helped shape modern gardening practices. Loudon introduced the concept of the botanic garden and emphasized the importance of plant classification and cultivation. Loudon also contributed to the development of the Greenhouse and Arboretum, promoting the use of these structures for plant research and education. His publications, including the "Encyclopaedia of Gardening," provided valuable information for both amateur and professional gardeners, making him a key figure in the history of horticulture.