Jewish Socialism is a political and social movement that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, primarily among Jewish communities in Europe. It combines the principles of socialism, which advocates for collective ownership and social equality, with the cultural and historical experiences of Jewish people. This movement sought to address issues like poverty, discrimination, and labor rights, often emphasizing the importance of community and solidarity. Key figures in Jewish Socialism include Moses Hess and Leon Trotsky, who contributed to the development of socialist thought within the Jewish context. The movement played a significant role in the establishment of labor organizations and political parties, such as the Bund, which aimed to promote Jewish workers' rights and cultural identity while advocating for broader social change.