Jean Monnet was a French political economist and diplomat, best known as one of the founding figures of the European Union. Born on November 9, 1888, he played a crucial role in promoting European integration after World War II, believing that economic cooperation would prevent future conflicts. Monnet's most significant achievement was the creation of the European Coal and Steel Community in 1951, which laid the groundwork for the European Economic Community and eventually the European Union. His vision emphasized collaboration among European nations, fostering peace and stability through shared economic interests.