The term "Japanese Civil War" typically refers to the conflicts during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, particularly the Boshin War (1868-1869). This war was fought between the ruling Tokugawa shogunate and forces seeking to restore power to the Emperor Meiji. The conflict marked a significant turning point in Japanese history, leading to the end of feudalism and the modernization of Japan. Another notable conflict is the Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945), which involved Japan's military aggression against China. While not a civil war in the traditional sense, it had profound effects on Japanese society and politics, contributing to internal strife and the eventual emergence of the Japanese Empire.