Italian literature is a rich tapestry that spans centuries, beginning with the medieval works of poets like Dante Alighieri, whose epic poem The Divine Comedy explores themes of morality and the afterlife. The Renaissance brought forth brilliant writers such as Petrarch and Boccaccio, who celebrated humanism and individual experience, laying the groundwork for modern literature. In the 19th and 20th centuries, authors like Giovanni Verga and Italo Calvino further expanded the literary landscape, addressing social issues and experimenting with narrative styles. Today, Italian literature continues to thrive, reflecting the country's diverse culture and history through novels, poetry, and plays.