Italian colonial refers to the period when Italy established and controlled overseas territories, primarily in Africa and the Mediterranean, from the late 19th century until World War II. Key regions included Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, where Italy sought to expand its influence and resources. This expansion was part of a broader trend of European imperialism during that era. The Italian colonial experience was marked by efforts to assimilate local populations and exploit natural resources. The legacy of this period includes cultural exchanges, infrastructure development, and ongoing socio-political challenges in former colonies, which continue to affect relations between Italy and these nations today.