The Islets of Langerhans are small clusters of cells located in the pancreas. They play a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels by producing hormones such as insulin and glucagon. These hormones help control how the body uses and stores glucose, which is essential for energy. Each islet contains different types of cells, including alpha cells that produce glucagon and beta cells that produce insulin. The balance between these hormones is vital for maintaining healthy blood sugar levels, and any dysfunction can lead to conditions like diabetes.