Islamic mathematics refers to the mathematical developments that occurred in the Islamic world from the 8th to the 14th centuries. Scholars in this period built upon the knowledge of earlier civilizations, such as the Greeks and Indians, and made significant contributions in areas like algebra, geometry, and arithmetic. The term "algebra" itself comes from the Arabic word "al-jabr," introduced by the mathematician Al-Khwarizmi. During this time, mathematicians also advanced the use of the decimal system and introduced the concept of zero, which was crucial for calculations. They translated and preserved ancient texts, ensuring that knowledge was passed down through generations. The work of Islamic mathematicians laid the groundwork for modern mathematics and influenced European scholars during the Renaissance.