Interpellation is a concept in political theory and philosophy that refers to the process by which individuals recognize themselves as subjects within a social context. It involves the way in which people are called or addressed by societal structures, such as ideology or authority, which shapes their identities and beliefs. This process helps individuals understand their roles and responsibilities in society. The term is often associated with the work of Louis Althusser, a French philosopher who argued that interpellation is crucial for the functioning of ideological state apparatuses. Through interpellation, individuals internalize societal norms and expectations, thus becoming active participants in maintaining the existing social order.