An interneuron is a type of neuron that acts as a connector or relay between sensory and motor neurons within the central nervous system. They play a crucial role in processing information, allowing for complex reflexes and neural circuits. Interneurons can be excitatory or inhibitory, influencing how signals are transmitted. These neurons are primarily found in the brain and spinal cord, where they help integrate sensory input and coordinate responses. By modulating the activity of other neurons, interneurons contribute to functions such as learning, memory, and the regulation of motor control.