Integer counting refers to the process of counting whole numbers, which include positive numbers, negative numbers, and zero. This counting system is fundamental in mathematics and is used in various applications, such as measuring quantities, ordering items, and performing calculations. Integers are represented on a number line, where each point corresponds to a whole number. When counting integers, one can start from any integer and move in either direction. For example, counting up from 0 would yield 1, 2, 3, and so on, while counting down would result in -1, -2, -3, etc. Understanding integer counting is essential for grasping more complex mathematical concepts.