Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectroscopy (ICP) is an analytical technique used to detect and measure the concentration of various elements in a sample. It works by ionizing a gas, typically argon, using an inductively coupled plasma, which generates high temperatures. This process allows for the excitation of atoms, enabling the emission of light at characteristic wavelengths that can be analyzed to identify and quantify elements. The technique is highly sensitive and can analyze trace elements in solid, liquid, or gaseous samples. ICP is widely used in fields such as environmental monitoring, geochemistry, and materials science due to its ability to provide rapid and accurate results.