Indonesian New Guinea, also known as Papua, is the western half of the island of New Guinea, which is located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It is part of the Indonesian province of Papua and West Papua. The region is known for its rich biodiversity, featuring lush rainforests, mountains, and unique wildlife, including species like the Bird of Paradise. The area is home to various indigenous communities, each with distinct cultures and languages. The economy primarily relies on agriculture, forestry, and mining, with significant resources such as gold and copper. Despite its natural wealth, Indonesian New Guinea faces challenges related to development and environmental conservation.