Indigenous governments refer to the political systems and structures established by Indigenous peoples to govern their communities and manage their affairs. These governments can take various forms, including tribal councils, traditional leadership systems, and self-governing agreements. They often operate independently from national or state governments, allowing Indigenous communities to maintain their cultural practices and decision-making processes. Many Indigenous governments are recognized under laws such as the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act in the United States or similar legislation in other countries. These frameworks support the rights of Indigenous peoples to self-govern and manage resources, education, and social services within their territories.