The Indian coal industry is a vital sector that plays a significant role in the country's energy production. India is one of the largest producers and consumers of coal globally, relying heavily on it for electricity generation. The industry is primarily dominated by the state-owned company, Coal India Limited, which accounts for a substantial portion of the country's coal output. Coal mining in India is concentrated in several key regions, including Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, and Odisha. The industry faces challenges such as environmental concerns, regulatory hurdles, and the need for modernization. Despite these issues, coal remains a crucial resource for India's growing energy demands and economic development.