The Indian Nuclear Program began in the 1940s, focusing on developing nuclear technology for peaceful purposes, such as energy generation. India conducted its first successful nuclear test, known as Smiling Buddha, in 1974, which marked its entry into the group of countries with nuclear capabilities. In 1998, India conducted a series of tests called Operation Shakti, officially declaring itself a nuclear weapons state. The program is overseen by the Department of Atomic Energy and aims to ensure national security while promoting the use of nuclear energy for civilian applications, such as electricity generation.