Indian Land Claims refer to the legal assertions made by Indigenous peoples in the United States and Canada regarding their rights to land and resources. These claims often arise from historical treaties that were not honored or from land that was taken without consent. The process typically involves negotiations between Indigenous groups and government entities to resolve disputes and recognize land rights. In the U.S., the Indian Claims Commission was established in 1946 to address these issues, allowing tribes to seek compensation for lost lands. In Canada, the Comprehensive Land Claims Policy facilitates negotiations for land rights and self-governance, aiming to rectify historical injustices faced by First Nations.