Ilm al-Kalam is an Islamic discipline that focuses on theology and philosophy. It seeks to understand and explain the beliefs of Islam through rational argumentation. Scholars in this field engage in discussions about the nature of God, the attributes of God, and the relationship between faith and reason. The term "Kalam" means "speech" or "word," reflecting the emphasis on dialogue and debate. This discipline emerged in the early centuries of Islam, influenced by various philosophical traditions. Key figures in Ilm al-Kalam include Al-Ghazali and Al-Maturidi, who contributed significantly to Islamic thought and the development of theological frameworks.