IPv6, or Internet Protocol version 6, is the most recent version of the Internet Protocol, designed to replace IPv4. It was developed to address the limitations of IPv4, particularly the exhaustion of available IP addresses. IPv6 uses a 128-bit address scheme, allowing for a vastly larger number of unique IP addresses, which is essential for the growing number of devices connected to the internet. In addition to providing more addresses, IPv6 also enhances security and improves routing efficiency. It includes features like simplified packet headers and built-in support for IPsec, which helps secure internet communications. As the internet continues to expand, IPv6 is crucial for ensuring connectivity and functionality.