An IP address is a unique identifier assigned to each device connected to a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication. It serves two main functions: identifying the host or network interface and providing the location of the device in the network. IP addresses can be either IPv4, which consists of four sets of numbers, or IPv6, which uses a longer alphanumeric format to accommodate more devices. IP addressing is essential for routing data across the Internet. When you send or receive information online, your device uses its IP address to ensure that the data reaches the correct destination. This system allows devices to communicate effectively, enabling activities like browsing websites, sending emails, and streaming videos.