IDH1, or isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, is an enzyme found in human cells that plays a crucial role in the citric acid cycle, which is essential for energy production. It helps convert isocitrate into alpha-ketoglutarate while producing NADPH, a molecule important for cellular processes. Mutations in the IDH1 gene are associated with certain types of cancer, particularly gliomas and acute myeloid leukemia. These mutations can lead to the production of an abnormal metabolite called 2-hydroxyglutarate, which can disrupt normal cellular functions and promote tumor growth. Understanding IDH1 is important for developing targeted cancer therapies.