Hypoventilation syndromes refer to a group of conditions where breathing is insufficient to meet the body's needs, leading to increased levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood. This can result from various factors, including obesity, neuromuscular disorders, or central nervous system issues. The reduced airflow can cause symptoms like fatigue, headaches, and confusion. Diagnosis typically involves measuring blood gas levels and assessing breathing patterns. Treatment may include lifestyle changes, such as weight loss, or the use of devices like continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machines to improve ventilation. Early intervention is crucial to prevent complications.