Hydrogeology is the study of how water moves through the ground and interacts with the surrounding environment. It focuses on understanding groundwater, which is the water found beneath the Earth's surface in soil and rock formations. Hydrogeologists examine aquifers, which are underground layers that can store and transmit water, to ensure sustainable water supply and manage resources effectively. This field is essential for addressing issues like water pollution, drought, and the impact of human activities on water systems. By studying the relationship between water and geological formations, hydrogeologists help protect vital resources and support the management of ecosystems, agriculture, and urban development.