A hydraulic braking system is a mechanism used in vehicles to slow down or stop by using fluid pressure. When the driver presses the brake pedal, it pushes a piston in the master cylinder, which forces brake fluid through pipes to the brake calipers at each wheel. This fluid pressure activates the brake pads, which clamp down on the brake discs, creating friction that slows the vehicle. This system is preferred for its efficiency and reliability. It provides consistent braking power and requires less effort from the driver. Key components include the master cylinder, brake fluid, brake calipers, and brake pads.