The House of Braganza was a royal dynasty that ruled Portugal from the 17th to the 19th centuries. Founded by John IV of Portugal, it emerged after a period of Spanish rule. The Braganza family played a crucial role in restoring Portuguese independence and fostering national pride. Their reign saw significant cultural and economic developments in the country. In addition to Portugal, the House of Braganza also had connections to Brazil, as they ruled there after the country declared independence in 1822. The last monarch of the Braganza line was King Manuel II, who was deposed in 1910, leading to the establishment of the Portuguese Republic.