Hominin evolution refers to the biological and evolutionary process that led to the emergence of modern humans, known as Homo sapiens. This process began with early ancestors, such as Australopithecus, who lived millions of years ago. Over time, various species of hominins adapted to changing environments, developing traits like bipedalism and larger brain sizes. Key milestones in hominin evolution include the appearance of Homo habilis, known for using tools, and Homo erectus, which showed evidence of fire use and migration out of Africa. These adaptations helped hominins survive and thrive, ultimately leading to the diverse human species we see today.