Hoang Sa, also known as the Paracel Islands, is a group of islands located in the South China Sea. They are situated about 200 kilometers off the coast of Vietnam and are composed of numerous small islands and reefs. The area is known for its rich marine biodiversity and is important for fishing and navigation. The sovereignty of Hoang Sa has been a subject of dispute, primarily between Vietnam and China. Historically, Vietnam has claimed the islands, citing historical records and maps. The islands are strategically significant due to their location and potential natural resources, including oil and gas reserves.