The history of Macau dates back to the arrival of the Portuguese in the mid-16th century, when they established a trading post. This marked the beginning of European influence in the region, as Macau became a vital hub for trade between China and Europe. The Portuguese were granted formal control in 1557, leading to a unique blend of cultures. In 1999, Macau was handed back to China under the "one country, two systems" principle, allowing it to maintain a high degree of autonomy. Today, Macau is known for its vibrant tourism industry, combining its rich history with modern attractions.