Historical fortifications are structures built to protect a place from attacks. These include walls, towers, and gates, often made from stone or brick. Many fortifications were constructed during times of conflict, such as the Middle Ages, to defend cities and important locations. Famous examples include the Great Wall of China and the Tower of London. Fortifications often featured strategic designs, such as moats and bastions, to enhance their defensive capabilities. They played a crucial role in military history, influencing battles and the development of warfare. Today, many fortifications are preserved as historical sites, attracting visitors interested in history and architecture.