The Herschel Space Observatory was a space telescope launched by the European Space Agency (ESA) in 2009. It was designed to observe the universe in the far-infrared and submillimeter wavelengths, allowing scientists to study cold and distant objects like star-forming regions, galaxies, and cosmic dust. Herschel operated until 2013, providing valuable data that enhanced our understanding of the formation of stars and galaxies. Its large mirror, measuring 3.5 meters in diameter, made it the largest space telescope dedicated to infrared astronomy, significantly contributing to the field before its mission ended.