Space observatories are specialized instruments located outside Earth's atmosphere, designed to study celestial objects and phenomena. By being in space, they avoid atmospheric interference, allowing for clearer and more detailed observations of stars, planets, galaxies, and other cosmic entities. Notable examples include the Hubble Space Telescope and the James Webb Space Telescope. These observatories use various types of sensors to capture light across different wavelengths, such as visible, infrared, and ultraviolet. This data helps scientists understand the universe's structure, formation, and evolution, contributing to our knowledge of fundamental questions about black holes, dark matter, and the origins of the universe.