A hernia occurs when an internal organ or tissue pushes through a weak spot in the surrounding muscle or connective tissue. This often happens in the abdomen, but hernias can also occur in other areas of the body. Common types include inguinal hernia, femoral hernia, and umbilical hernia. Symptoms may include a noticeable bulge, discomfort, or pain, especially when lifting or straining. Hernias can develop due to various factors, including genetics, heavy lifting, or chronic coughing. Treatment typically involves surgery to repair the defect and prevent complications, such as strangulation, where blood supply to the trapped tissue is cut off.