Henry St. John, also known as the 1st Viscount Bolingbroke, was an English statesman and philosopher born in 1678. He played a significant role in the politics of the early 18th century, particularly during the reign of Queen Anne. St. John was known for his eloquent speeches and writings, which often focused on issues of governance and political theory. St. John was a prominent member of the Tory party and served as Secretary of State for the Northern Department. His political career was marked by his opposition to the Whigs and his involvement in the Jacobite cause. After his political downfall, he spent time in exile in France, where he continued to write and develop his philosophical ideas.