The Heartland Theory is a geopolitical concept developed by British geographer Halford Mackinder in 1904. It suggests that the central region of Eurasia, known as the "Heartland," holds significant strategic importance. Mackinder argued that whoever controls this area could dominate the world due to its vast resources and central location. According to the theory, the Heartland is surrounded by coastal regions that are more accessible and populous. This means that controlling the Heartland would allow a power to influence both Europe and Asia. The theory has influenced various geopolitical strategies throughout the 20th century and remains relevant in discussions about global power dynamics.