Geopolitical theories explore how geographical factors influence international relations and political power. These theories examine the impact of location, resources, and physical terrain on the behavior of states and their interactions. Key concepts include the importance of strategic locations, such as chokepoints and borders, and how these can affect national security and economic interests. One prominent theory is Halford Mackinder's Heartland Theory, which suggests that control of the central Eurasian region, or "Heartland," is crucial for global dominance. Other theories, like Nicholas Spykman's Rimland Theory, emphasize the significance of coastal regions and their role in global power dynamics.