Health insurance models are systems designed to provide financial coverage for medical expenses. The most common types include Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs), which require members to use a network of doctors and hospitals, and Preferred Provider Organizations (PPOs), which offer more flexibility in choosing healthcare providers but often at a higher cost. Another model is Exclusive Provider Organizations (EPOs), which combine features of HMOs and PPOs, requiring members to use a specific network but allowing some out-of-network care in emergencies. Additionally, High Deductible Health Plans (HDHPs) encourage consumers to save for healthcare costs through Health Savings Accounts (HSAs).