Hazards are potential sources of harm or adverse effects that can affect people, property, or the environment. They can arise from various sources, including natural events like earthquakes and floods, or human activities such as industrial accidents and pollution. Understanding hazards is essential for risk management and safety planning. There are different types of hazards, including biological hazards like bacteria and viruses, chemical hazards from toxic substances, and physical hazards such as machinery or extreme weather. Identifying and assessing these hazards helps in developing strategies to minimize their impact and protect public health and safety.