Hawaiian sugar plantations were large agricultural operations established in the 19th century to grow and harvest sugarcane. The warm climate and fertile soil of the Hawaiian Islands made them ideal for sugar production. These plantations played a significant role in the local economy and contributed to the growth of the sugar industry in the United States. The labor force on these plantations primarily consisted of immigrants from China, Japan, Portugal, and other countries. They worked long hours under challenging conditions. The decline of the sugar industry in the late 20th century led to the closure of many plantations, marking a significant shift in Hawaii's agricultural landscape.