The Haversine formula is a mathematical equation used to calculate the distance between two points on the surface of a sphere, given their latitude and longitude. It accounts for the curvature of the Earth, making it more accurate than simple flat-surface calculations. This formula is particularly useful in navigation and mapping applications. To use the Haversine formula, you input the coordinates of the two locations in radians. The formula then computes the great-circle distance, which is the shortest path between the two points on the sphere. This is essential for various fields, including geography, aviation, and GPS technology.