Spherical geometry is a branch of mathematics that studies shapes and figures on the surface of a sphere. Unlike traditional Euclidean geometry, where lines are straight and parallel, spherical geometry deals with curved surfaces. In this system, the shortest distance between two points is along a great circle, which is the largest circle that can be drawn on a sphere. In spherical geometry, the angles of a triangle add up to more than 180 degrees, which is a key difference from Euclidean triangles. This type of geometry is essential for navigation, astronomy, and understanding the Earth's shape, as it helps in mapping and calculating distances on a globe.