Aviation refers to the design, development, and operation of aircraft. It encompasses a wide range of activities, including flying, air traffic control, and aircraft maintenance. The aviation industry plays a crucial role in global transportation, connecting people and goods across vast distances. In addition to commercial airlines, aviation includes military operations, cargo transport, and private flying. Innovations in aviation technology, such as jet engines and aviation safety systems, have significantly improved efficiency and safety in air travel, making it one of the safest modes of transportation available today.