Gustav of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (1640-1691) was a German nobleman who ruled as the Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt from 1662 until his death. He was a member of the House of Schwarzburg, a prominent family in the region of Thuringia. His reign was marked by efforts to improve the economy and infrastructure of his principality. Gustav was known for his patronage of the arts and education, contributing to the cultural development of his territory. He also played a role in the political landscape of the time, navigating the complexities of Holy Roman Empire politics during the late 17th century.