Gustav III was the King of Sweden from 1771 until his assassination in 1792. He is known for his efforts to modernize Sweden and strengthen the monarchy, promoting arts and culture during the Swedish Enlightenment. His reign saw significant reforms in government and society, including the establishment of a more centralized administration. Despite his accomplishments, Gustav III faced opposition from various political factions, leading to tensions within the country. His rule ended abruptly when he was shot at a masquerade ball in 1792, an event that ultimately led to his death. His legacy includes both cultural advancements and political strife.