Guru Tegh Bahadur was the ninth of the ten Sikh Gurus, born in 1621 in Amritsar, India. He is known for his teachings on spirituality, equality, and the importance of standing up for religious freedom. His life emphasized the values of compassion and selflessness, which are central to the Sikh faith. Guru Tegh Bahadur is particularly remembered for his martyrdom in 1675, when he was executed for defending the rights of Hindus to practice their religion freely against the oppressive policies of the Mughal Empire. His sacrifice is honored by Sikhs and is a significant part of Sikh history, symbolizing the struggle for justice and human rights.