The Greek-Turkish Wars refer to a series of conflicts between Greece and Turkey, primarily occurring in the early 20th century. The most notable wars include the Greco-Turkish War of 1919-1922, which was part of the larger Turkish War of Independence. These wars were driven by nationalistic aspirations and territorial disputes following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. The conflicts resulted in significant territorial changes and population exchanges, particularly with the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne. This treaty established the modern borders of Turkey and led to the establishment of a more homogeneous nation-state, impacting the demographics and relations between the two countries for decades.