The Great Northern Railway (GNR) was a major American railroad that operated in the northern United States. Founded in 1889 by James J. Hill, it connected the Midwest to the Pacific Northwest, facilitating trade and travel across vast distances. The GNR was known for its efficient service and innovative practices, including the use of steel rails and powerful locomotives. The railway played a significant role in the economic development of the regions it served, particularly in states like Montana, Washington, and Minnesota. It was instrumental in the settlement of the American West, helping to transport settlers, goods, and resources. The GNR eventually merged with other railroads, becoming part of the Burlington Northern Santa Fe (BNSF) Railway.