Graph Isomorphism is a concept in graph theory that determines whether two graphs are structurally the same. Two graphs are considered isomorphic if there is a one-to-one correspondence between their vertices and edges, meaning they can be transformed into each other by simply renaming the vertices. This concept is important in various fields, including computer science and mathematics, as it helps in understanding the properties of graphs. The challenge of determining graph isomorphism is known as the Graph Isomorphism Problem, which is still an open question in theoretical computer science regarding its computational complexity.