The Gotthard railway is a major railway line in Switzerland that connects the northern and southern parts of the country. Opened in 1882, it traverses the Gotthard Pass, a key mountain pass in the Swiss Alps. The railway is known for its scenic views and engineering marvels, including the Gotthard Base Tunnel, which is the world's longest railway tunnel. The Gotthard railway plays a crucial role in Swiss transportation, facilitating both passenger and freight travel. It enhances connectivity between cities like Lucerne and Milan, making it an essential route for trade and tourism. The railway's historical significance and modern advancements continue to impact Switzerland's economy and infrastructure.