Gothic sculpture emerged in Europe during the late 12th century and flourished until the 16th century. It is characterized by its intricate details, elongated figures, and expressive faces, often found on cathedrals and churches. Notable examples include the sculptures on the façades of Notre-Dame Cathedral and Chartres Cathedral, which depict biblical scenes and saints. These sculptures served both decorative and educational purposes, helping to convey religious stories to a largely illiterate population. Artists began to focus on naturalism, moving away from the rigid styles of the earlier Romanesque period. This shift allowed for greater emotional expression and realism in the figures.